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27 Nov 2020
- Korean
-
English (US)
Closed question
Question about English (US)
What does "in particular" grammatically modify in each sentence below?
Hope to get a help from you if you're good at grammar!
1. There is a fairly long history of connections by presidents to New York, in particular since Franklin Delano Roosevelt was in the White House.
2. ... in British sport; more specifically, we set out to docu- ment the prevalence, and the changing patterns, of drug use in British sport, in particular since the 1960s.
3. Europeanization has also exerted increasingly strong pressures for policy reform, in particular since the 1990s, with the push toward further deregulation in a wide ...
Q1)It looks like "in particular" grammatically modifies "since" in each sentence. Am I right?
Q2) If I'm right, it's really strange to me that a propositional phrase such as "in particular" can grammatically modify another preposition like in the examples. Don't you think it's strange?
What does "in particular" grammatically modify in each sentence below?
Hope to get a help from you if you're good at grammar!
1. There is a fairly long history of connections by presidents to New York, in particular since Franklin Delano Roosevelt was in the White House.
2. ... in British sport; more specifically, we set out to docu- ment the prevalence, and the changing patterns, of drug use in British sport, in particular since the 1960s.
3. Europeanization has also exerted increasingly strong pressures for policy reform, in particular since the 1990s, with the push toward further deregulation in a wide ...
Q1)It looks like "in particular" grammatically modifies "since" in each sentence. Am I right?
Q2) If I'm right, it's really strange to me that a propositional phrase such as "in particular" can grammatically modify another preposition like in the examples. Don't you think it's strange?
Hope to get a help from you if you're good at grammar!
1. There is a fairly long history of connections by presidents to New York, in particular since Franklin Delano Roosevelt was in the White House.
2. ... in British sport; more specifically, we set out to docu- ment the prevalence, and the changing patterns, of drug use in British sport, in particular since the 1960s.
3. Europeanization has also exerted increasingly strong pressures for policy reform, in particular since the 1990s, with the push toward further deregulation in a wide ...
Q1)It looks like "in particular" grammatically modifies "since" in each sentence. Am I right?
Q2) If I'm right, it's really strange to me that a propositional phrase such as "in particular" can grammatically modify another preposition like in the examples. Don't you think it's strange?
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27 Nov 2020
Featured answer
- English (US)
- English (UK)
Yes, for example:
A: "Does he like pets?"
B: "Yes. He particularly likes dogs."
or
B: "Yes. In particular, he likes dogs."
or
B: "Yes. He likes dogs in particular."
Highly-rated answerer
Read more comments
- English (US)
- English (UK)
The only notable difference is that when you use "in particular" (in the examples above), you add a comma before to indicate a pause.
If you were to remove "in particular" from the example sentences above, you would also remove the preceding comma.
However I don't think there is any fundamental change in the sentence's grammatical structure.
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Highly-rated answerer
- Korean
@pythonpoole
Thanks a lot for your answer !!
I understand what you explain,
but what I'm asking is whether, in each sentence, "in particular" grammatically modifies " since Franklin Delano Roosevelt was in the White House", "since the 1960s", and "since the 1990s".
Thanks a lot for your answer !!
I understand what you explain,
but what I'm asking is whether, in each sentence, "in particular" grammatically modifies " since Franklin Delano Roosevelt was in the White House", "since the 1960s", and "since the 1990s".
- English (US)
- English (UK)
In what way do you think it grammatically modifies the sentence?
For example, I don't really see a fundamental grammatical difference between:
"Europeanization has also exerted increasingly strong pressures for policy reform, in particular since the 1990s, with the push toward further deregulation in a wide..."
and
"Europeanization has also exerted increasingly strong pressures for policy reform since the 1990s, with the push toward further deregulation in a wide..."
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Highly-rated answerer
- Korean
@pythonpoole
I mean, as "in particular" is added to "since", it changes the meaning of "since noun phrase/clause", and I expressed this as "in particular" grammatically modifies "since". Maybe I'm keeping you confused because of the incorrect use of the word "modify". If so, I'm very sorry..
I mean, as "in particular" is added to "since", it changes the meaning of "since noun phrase/clause", and I expressed this as "in particular" grammatically modifies "since". Maybe I'm keeping you confused because of the incorrect use of the word "modify". If so, I'm very sorry..
- English (US)
- English (UK)
@Cal7 I don't really think adding "in particular" changes the meaning of "since" (can you explain why you think it changes the meaning?)
"In particular" is functionally equivalent to "particularly" or "especially".
If anything, I think it may act as an adverb modifying the verb such as "exerted" in the example above. For instance "particularly" or "in particular" is used to describe how the pressure was exerted ("particularly since the 1990s" or "in particular since the 1990s").
Hopefully that helps. Sorry if it doesn't answer your question.
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Highly-rated answerer
- Korean
@pythonpoole
Thanks a lot!
If "in particular" can be considered as an adverb, can we see "in particular"as adverbially modifying "since X"?
(X = clause, or noun phrase)
If "in particular" is as an adverb modifying the verb "exerted", It makes me curious why there is a comma before "in particular" in each sentence and by that, "in particular" and "since X" looks connected to each other.
I mean, because of this reason, I think it's more plausible to see "in particular" as modifying "since X", not the verb "exerted".
Thanks a lot!
If "in particular" can be considered as an adverb, can we see "in particular"as adverbially modifying "since X"?
(X = clause, or noun phrase)
If "in particular" is as an adverb modifying the verb "exerted", It makes me curious why there is a comma before "in particular" in each sentence and by that, "in particular" and "since X" looks connected to each other.
I mean, because of this reason, I think it's more plausible to see "in particular" as modifying "since X", not the verb "exerted".
- English (US)
- English (UK)
@Cal7 Well, I'm not a grammar expert, but in my opinion it seems more likely that "in particular" is modifying the verb.
Take this sentence for example:
• "He likes dogs, particularly Dalmatians."
Which is equivalent to:
• "He likes dogs, in particular Dalmatians."
You could also say "He particularly likes Dalmatians"
or
"He, in particular, likes Dalmatians." — Note: this has two possible interpretations: "He particularly likes Dalmatians" or "He likes Dalmatians more than the others do" (referring to the other people in the referenced or implied group).
Anyway, I don't think "particularly" / "in particular" is modifying "Dalmatians" in these examples.
Instead I believe the term "particularly" / "in particular" is used to modify the meaning of "likes"—it indicates that the liking is for something specific (in this case Dalmatians).
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Highly-rated answerer
- Korean
@pythonpoole Thank you very much for your great explanation!
I think your answer is perfect.
By the way, can I say "In particular, he likes dogs" and "He likes dogs in particular" as well?
I think your answer is perfect.
By the way, can I say "In particular, he likes dogs" and "He likes dogs in particular" as well?
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- English (US)
- English (UK)
Yes, for example:
A: "Does he like pets?"
B: "Yes. He particularly likes dogs."
or
B: "Yes. In particular, he likes dogs."
or
B: "Yes. He likes dogs in particular."
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0
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Highly-rated answerer
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