What is the difference between یخ بستن and یخ زدن ?Feel free to just provide example sentences.

یخ بستن:

بستن:
here means to become solid, to become hard

So یخ بستن:
Means to be changed into ice form (so water has become changed into a hard form)= to be frozen

آب حوض یخ بسته است.
The water in the pond is frozen.

جاده ها یخ بسته بودند.
The roads were frozen/ were covered with glaciers.



یخ زدن:
زدن:
Here means to be affected by, to be changed into sth ( due to a process)

یخ زدن: to be frozen/ frosted

درختانِ یخ زده :
Frosted trees


شیر آب یخ زده است.
The faucet is frozen.

لوله ها یخ زده اند.
Pipes are frozen.


جسد یخ زده:
a frozen corpse

کپک زدن:
To be affected with mold( fungi)

نان کپک زده:
moldy bread

غذای کپک زده:
Moldy food

شکرک زدن:
To be affected by crystallization

عسل شکرک زده:
Crystalized honey


———
But as endless_river said, we usually use یخ بستن and یخ زدن interchangeably.

Note:
1- We use those phrasal verbs as metaphors for describing how cold we feel.

واای! چقدر هوا, اون بیرون سرده! ! دستام یخ بست/ دستام یخ زد.
Oh! how cold is it outside! , my hands frozen off!

Most people say :
دستام یخ زد.
= دستانم یخ زد

2-
قندیل بستن:
To form icicles

When I say “قندیل بستم”: as a metaphor it means ‘its so cold that icicles formed on my body!’= I feel extremely cold.