What is the difference between ты можешь перевести это? and ты можешь переводить это? ?Feel free to just provide example sentences.

The difference between «перевести» and «переводить» is what’s called aspect of verbs. Basically, «перевести» is a word for perfective stuff(past perfect, future perfect), and «переводить» - imperfective (past simple/continuous, present simple/continuous, future simple/continuous).
Therefore saying: “Ты можешь перевести это?” Means asking someone to start and finish translating something.

While “Ты можешь переводить это?” means asking someone to keep translating (without any indication of whether the translation will ever be finished).

That’s why the second option makes 0 sense 99.9% of the time. I guess you can make up a context where it would make sense, but it never just naturally appears in conversations.

The word “переводить” would make sense here:
Я умею переводить с английского. - I can translate from english.
As you are talking about translating in general here, ”переводить” is appropriate, and “перевести” is wrong, as there is no finished process here.