Hello everyone, I just want to make sure I understand ั and ็ correctly… ั is only used with เอะ and ็ is only used with แอะ, but they both represent the same ะ letter from both vowels? They are not used in any other letter situations? And they are only there if the next syllable has a starting consonant? I think? Just some clarification would be great. Thank you!

See a translation

The ั is another version of ะ when the word has the ending sound,
for example; กับ (gub means with)
รับ (rub means to receive)
นับ (nub means to count)
If the word doesn't have the ending sound, we will use ะ instead like ละ (luh means to omit), นะ (nuh used as the ending word in confirmation sentence), จะ (juh means will like will do something)

While, ็ is commonly used for แ-ะ and เ-าะ sound when the word has the ending sound and mostly used for borrowed words,
for example; แล็บ (lab meaning the same in English's laboratory)
แพ็ค (pack meaning the same in English as to pack or a pile of goods, the meaning deviates a bit from English)
ฮ็อต (hot meaning the same in English's being hot/popular)
น็อต (knot meaning a bolt as from nuts and bolts)
ช็อต (chot meaning being short of money like I'm broke in English)
ร็อก (rog meaning the same as rock music in English)

Or when spelling someone's name especially foreign name like Jack will be แจ็ค
Nack will be แน็ค
Zack will be แซ็ค


Please note that there is only one word (or may have other word which I don't know) which is ก็ that uses ็ but pronounce as "ก้อ" (goh) and the word used in everyday life as the word "also" or "too" in English.
Actually we Thai don't pronouce that as long as ก้อ it's just a bit shorter but not short as the word เก้าะ (shorter pronunciation of the word goh).
Anyway, if you are the beginner of learning Thai can stay with the longer version ก้อ is ok and understandable.